Who is a Nonresident Alien for income tax purposes?

If you are an alien (not a U.S. citizen), you are considered a nonresident alien unless you meet one of the two tests described for a Resident Alien. You are a resident alien of the United States for tax purposes if you meet either the Green Card Test or the Substantial Presence Test for calendar year 2013. Even if you do not meet either of these tests, you may be able to choose to be treated as a U.S. resident for part of the year. You are a resident for tax purposes if you are a lawful permanent resident of the United States at any time during calendar year 2013. This is known as the “green card” test. You are a lawful permanent resident of the United States at any time if you have been given the privilege, according to the immigration laws, of residing permanently in the United States as an immigrant. You generally have this status if the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) (or its predecessor organization) has issued you an alien registration card, also known as a “green card.” You continue to have resident status under this test unless the status is taken away from you or is administratively or judicially determined to have been abandoned. You will be considered a U.S. resident for tax purposes if you meet the Substantial Presence Test for calendar year 2013. To meet this test, you must be physically present in the United States on at least: 31 days during 2013, and 183 days during the 3-year period that includes 2013, 2012, and 2011, counting: All the days you were present in 2013, and 1/3 of the days you were present in 2012, and 1/6 of the days you were present in 2011.